Boats can vary greatly in size and complexity, but here are the common parts of a typical small to medium-sized boat:
1. **Hull**: The main body of the boat, which provides buoyancy and floats on the water.
2. **Bow**: The front or forward part of the boat.
3. **Stern**: The rear or aft part of the boat.
4. **Deck**: The horizontal surface covering the top of the boat’s hull.
5. **Cockpit**: The area of the boat where the controls are located and where the crew or passengers sit.
6. **Transom**: The vertical surface at the stern of the boat.
7. **Keel**: A structural element along the bottom of the hull, providing stability and preventing drifting sideways.
8. **Rudder**: A movable device at the stern used for steering the boat.
9. **Propeller**: A rotating device beneath the water, powered by the engine, which propels the boat forward.
10. **Mast**: A vertical pole or spar that supports sails (in sailboats).
11. **Boom**: A horizontal spar attached to the mast, used to control the angle of the sail.
12. **Sails**: Fabric sheets attached to the mast and boom, which harness wind power to propel the boat (in sailboats).
13. **Hatch**: An opening in the deck providing access to the interior of the boat.
14. **Cleats**: Metal or plastic fittings on the deck used for securing ropes or lines.
15. **Lifebuoy/Lifesaver**: A floating device used for rescuing people who have fallen overboard.
16. **Anchor**: A heavy object attached to a rope or chain, used to moor the boat in place.
17. **Buoy**: A floating marker used for navigation or as a warning of hazards.
18. **Navigation Lights**: Lights on the boat used to signal its position and direction at night.
19. **Bilge**: The lowest part inside the hull where water collects and is pumped out.
20. **Cabin**: Enclosed space below deck for shelter or accommodation.
21. **Windows/Portlights**: Openings in the cabin or hull fitted with glass or plastic for letting in light and air.
These are some of the essential parts of a boat, although the specific parts may vary depending on the type and purpose of the boat.
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